Vision
DRAFT: This information in the Vision section is currently out for review by Pediatric Ophthalmology consultants.
Risk Factors, Symptoms and Red Flags for Eye or Vision Problems
Risk Factors for Eye Problems
- Born very premature, less than 1500 grams at birth, or history of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)
- Increased risk of strabismus, amblyopia, decreased visual acuity
- If history of ROP, esp. if higher severity – increased risk of the above and retinal detachment, visual field loss
- History of maternal “TORCH” infection during pregnancy
- Family history of high refractive errors, congenital or juvenile cataract, aniridia, glaucoma, strabismus, amblyopia, retinoblastoma, congenital retinal dysplasia, other congenital retinal and lenticular disorders, metabolic or genetic diseases, color vision deficiency,
- Presence of systemic disease associated with eye abnormalities, e.g. juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
- Use of medications associated with eye or vision abnormalities
Symptoms and Signs of Eye Problems
- Habitual head tilt
- Misaligned eyes or poor visual fixation
- Light sensitivity
- Ocular discharge, crusting
- Persistent redness or swelling
- Recurring eyelid infections
- Persistent tearing
- Nystagmus
- White pupil
- Excessive eye rubbing
- Covers or closes one eye
- Inability to see things in the distance
- Holds items excessively close to see or squints
Examination Red Flags for Eye Problems
- Significant general developmental delay
- Neurologic difficulties
- Delay in acquiring visual developmental milestones
- Difference between right and left eye of two or more lines on visual acuity chart evaluation
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